Principal Investigator: Dr Christian Tiede, University of Leeds

The research team of Professors Bazbek Davletov and Andrew Peden, long-term collaborators at the University of Sheffield, have developed in vitro, cell-based assays for replacing animal testing in the manufacture of clostridial toxin-based medical products.
With a decade of NC3Rs funding, scientists at the University of Birmingham have developed the first mature bone organotypic model, then systematically adapted and modified it to replace the use of rodents across a range of therapeutic areas involving the study of bone growth and regeneration.